Wednesday, December 31, 2014
Coding Decoding Practice Exercises for Exams
Coding/Decoding Practice Exercises
A code is “a system of signals”. Coding is, therefore, a method of transmitting a message between the sender and the receiver which third person cannot understand or comprehend. The coded message can be deciphered or decoded by the receiver as he or she knows the rule or method which are employed in encoding the message. Thus, the CODING-DECODING test is given to judge the candidates ability to decipher the rule which is applied for coding a particular message and break the code to reveal the message. In this type of questions some words or a group of letters and their coded forms are provided and you are required to find out the rule of coding so that you can either encode or decode another word or another group of letters in similar fashion. Any word or message or a group of letters can be coded in a variety of ways. Generally, each question is based on a particular rule of coding. Therefore, clues of a particular question are not applicable to the other questions.
We have already mentioned that several types of questions can be asked on CODING-DECODING. Each type of questions has its own coding patterns. The coding patterns may be based on individual alphabet/words and digits/numbers. The code of a particular letter could be following or preceding letter, the letters of a meaningful word can be jumbled to generate code and so on. In order to have a clear insight into the questions on coding-decoding, it is better to discuss each type of questions separately.
Type – 1:
Code based on English alphabets
Type – 2:
Code consisting of a group of words
Type – 3:
Code consisting of digits or vice-versa
Type – 4:
Code consisting of symbols
Coding Decoding Practice Questions Paper-1
Coding Decoding Practice Questions Paper-2
Coding Decoding Practice Questions Paper-3
Tuesday, December 30, 2014
Courses of Action Practice Exercises for Exams
Courses of Action:
This type of questions was asked for the first time in a competitive exam in the year 1991. Since then such questions appear in almost all the competitive examinations. These questions are asked to test the candidate’s ability to analyze a problem correctly in usual circumstances. In this type of questions, a situation or problem is given accompanied by some course of action as a follow up of the situation or problem. You are required to point out which course of action would you like to adopt to deal with that situation or problem. Now a question arises:
What is a course of action?
A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc., on the basis of the information given in the statement (i.e., a problem or a situation).
Such questions are asked to test the candidate’s ability to judge a problem correctly under given circumstances; to determine or ascertain the root cause of the problem and finally, to prescribe a suitable course of action, which could solve the problem aptly. As a responsible officer, you may face many administrative challenges and you will be required to decide appropriate courses of action or take an appropriate decision.
Nature of the question on course of action:
Generally, two patterns are adopted in questions on deciding courses of action:
1) A problem followed by suggested courses of action which will prescribe solution to the problem, and
2) A fact or situation followed by suggested courses of action which could improve the situation.
Therefore, first of all you should decide whether the given statement talks of a problem or describes simply a fact/situation.
Problem-Solution Type:
In the case of a problem solution question, the suggested course of action will be appropriate if:
1) It does solve or reduce or minimize the problem and
2) It is a practical solution.
In other words, we have to examine the suggested course of action in the light of above mentioned framework.
It is not very difficult to judge whether a suggested course of action would solve or minimize a problem. You can decide it up by applying your commonsense and awareness and by your everyday experiences. Similarly, if a solution is applicable in everyday life, it is regarded as practical follow up.
Fact/Situation-improvement type:
In this type of questions, the suggested course of action is taken up for the improvement in the given situation. Therefore, in the case of Fact Improvement type questions, the suggested course of action will be appropriate if:
1) It improves the situation and
2) It is a practical approach.
Directions to solve these type of questions:
Each question is given by a statement and followed by two courses of action I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow up or further action in regard the problem, policy, etc., on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the given suggested courses of action logically follows the pursuing.
Give answer (1) : If only I follows.
Give answer (2) : If only II follows.
Give answer (3) : If either I or II follows.
Give answer (4) : If neither I or II follows.
Give answer (5) : If both I or II follow.
Monday, December 29, 2014
Statement and Arguments Practice Exercises for Exams
Statement and Arguments:
In this type of questions, a statement (usually in interrogative sentence) in the form a suggested course of action is followed by two arguments. One argument generally supports the given statements (or suggested course of action) by pointing out some positive features or positive results of that action while the second argument denies the statement or argues against it by pointing out the negative features or deleterious effect/result of that action. In order to determine the forcefulness of the arguments we have to decide whether the argument is perfect or not. If an argument is 100% perfect, it would be forceful.
Important points about Statement and Arguments:
Remember that:
1) The argument should not be just an opinion. It must answer one of the questions- Why, How, When, What- of the statement. Otherwise it is not an argument.
2) An argument also depends on the language used because by changing a few words we can make a argument forceful.
3) The argument must be judged as an argument and not with what somebody or newspapers say(s).
Directions for solving Statement and Arguments:
In making decisions about important questions it is desirable to be able to distinguish between strong arguments and weak arguments so far as they relate to the question. Strong arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. Weak arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to trivial aspect of the question.
Each question is followed by two arguments (numbered with I and II). You have to decide which of the arguments is a strong argument and which is a weak argument.
Give answer (1) : If only Argument I is strong.
Give answer (2) : If only Argument II is strong.
Give answer (3) : If either Argument I or II is strong.
Give answer (4) : If neither I or II is strong.
Give answer (5) : If both Arguments I or II are strong.
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-1
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-2
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-3
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-4
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-1
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-2
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-3
Statement and Arguments Practice Questions Paper-4
Sunday, December 28, 2014
Cause and Effect Practice Exercises for Exams
Definitions of CAUSE and EFFECT:
--A cause is WHY something happens. --An effect is WHAT happens.
To find the Cause and Effects, you have to read like a detective. While reading the given Sentences look for clue words, such as if, then, because, since, and so. Clue words can sometimes signal causes and effects.
Read the given Statement or statement's and think about WHAT is happening and WHY it is happening.
Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
(A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
(C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-1
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-2
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-1
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-2
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-3
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-4
Cause and Effect Practice Question Paper-5
Saturday, December 27, 2014
Reading Comprehension Practice Paper-1
English Practice Paper Online Test-1 Reading Comprehension
Practice paper for English Comprehension, these questions are prepared to benefit the candidate for preparing Competitive(online) exams. This is an online test for English section. You have to answer the questions and then submit your answers by clicking on the submit button(Evaluate my Test). You can get the answers instantly without any waiting.
Friday, December 26, 2014
Statement and assumptions Practice Exercises for Exams
Statement and Assumptions
An assumption is something that can be supposed by the implied meanings of the given statements. Imply means to suggest or express indirectly. Often people do not speak what is in their mind or what they think in totality, but we can infer or assume what must have in their mind from the statement made by them. For example when you say, ‘an honest police inspector has come to the city, and so crime will be checked’, then the assumption you make is that if police inspector is honest, he could put a check on the crime. Thus, when we say something we do not express everything, every aspect of our ideas into words. We tend to leave many things or ideas unsaid, which may be defined as an assumption. It is that part of an argument on the basis of which we say something. Now, we can say that an assumption is that part of an argument which is not expressed or said explicitly as it is assumed or understood intrinsically.
Difference between Assumption and Implication:
Note that there is basic difference between the assumption and implication. An assumption is something on which the statement is based. On the other hand, an implication is something which is derived from and, therefore, based upon the statement.
Statement and Assumptions Directions:
In question a statement is given followed by assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statements.
Give answer (1) : If only assumption I is implicit.
Give answer (2) : If only assumption II is implicit.
Give answer (3) : If either I or II is implicit.
Give answer (4) : If neither I or II is implicit.
Give answer (5) : If both I or II are implicit.
Statement and Conclusion Practice Examples for Exams
Here are few example questions on "Statement and Conclusion" Reasoning topic:
Example 1
Statements: Any student who does not behave properly while in the school brings bad name to himself and also for the school.
Conclusions:
Such student should be removed from the school.
Stricter discipline does not improve behaviour of the students.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Example 2
Statements: A Corporate General Manager asked four managers to either submit their resignations by the next day or face termination orders from service. Three of them had submitted their resignations by that evening.
Conclusions:
The next day, the remaining manager would also resign.
The General Manager would terminate his services the next day.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Example 3
Statements: Only good singers are invited in the conference. No one without sweet voice is a good singer.
Conclusions:
All invited singers in the conference have sweet voice.
Those singers who do not have sweet voice are not invited in the conference.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Example 4
Statements: To cultivate interest in reading, the school has made it compulsory from June this year for each student to read two books per week and submit a weekly report on the books.
Conclusions:
Interest in reading can be created by force.
Some students will eventually develop interest in reading.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Example 5
Statements: Applications of applicants who do no fulfil eligibility criteria and/or who do not submit applications before last date will be summarily rejected and will not be called for the written test.
Conclusions:
Those who are called for the written test are those who fulfil eligibility criteria and have submitted their applications before last date.
Written test will be held only after scrutiny of applications.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Analogy Practice Exercises for Exams
Analogy means “Similarity”.
Analogy questions ask you to determine the relationship between a pair of words and then to recognoze a similar or parallel relationship between a different pair of words or letters. It tests the ability of a candidate to determine relationships existing between pair of words. The relation may center around synonyms, antonyms, cause and effect or other areas. Solving questions based on anology requires not only enriched vocabulary but also an idea of different phenomena, relationship among human being, causes and their effects and so on. Sufficient practice will definitely enable the candidate to achieve mastery in this section. Keeping various questions asked in different examinations in mind, we divide this section into Type-1, type-2, Type-3.
Analogy and its Importance in Exams:
Usually two to three questions are asked in bank PO examinations from verbal analogy . Analogy is an important section of reasoning because it is that section through which examinars test the candidate’s ability to compare and establish proper relationship among the given items on the basis of certain commonality. In case of question on Non-Verbal Analogy , it is very easy to recognise the common features between the given figures owing to certain limitations. Figures may have similar movement, rotation, orientation, shape, size, etc. and if you are able to observe these features you can select appropriate answer quickly. But in case of question on verbal analogy it is not possible to delimit the types of relationship which might exist between the given items. Apart from common types of relationship, sometimes unusual type of relationship is provided in the questions. Therefore, the chapter on analogy is aimed not only at testing your reasoning ability but also overall knowledge, IQ, as well as the power of decision making.
The word ANALOGY has been derived from two words taken together: ANA means “Relation” and LOGUS means ”Knowledge”.
The word Analogy is a noun which literally means (1) a similar feature, condition, state etc,. shared by two things that are compared and (2) a process of reasoning based on similar feature of two things.
Thus, Analogy means similar feature, a common feature or “correspondence”. Questions on verbal analogy judge your ability to understand the diverse relationship between various elements, things, phenomena, acts, terms etc., in their proper context. Such questions are aimed at testing the candidate’s overall knowledge, power of reasoning and the abilty to think conclisively and logically. A candidate can develop and improve his ability to judge conclusively through sufficient practice and awareness.
The word Analogy is a noun which literally means (1) a similar feature, condition, state etc,. shared by two things that are compared and (2) a process of reasoning based on similar feature of two things.
Thus, Analogy means similar feature, a common feature or “correspondence”. Questions on verbal analogy judge your ability to understand the diverse relationship between various elements, things, phenomena, acts, terms etc., in their proper context. Such questions are aimed at testing the candidate’s overall knowledge, power of reasoning and the abilty to think conclisively and logically. A candidate can develop and improve his ability to judge conclusively through sufficient practice and awareness.
Questions on analogy cover almost all type of relationship or commonality that one can think of and which we generally observe in our day to day life.
Sunday, December 21, 2014
Synonyms Practice Exercises for Exams
Synonyms are words or phrases which have the same or nearly the same meaning as other words or phrases in the same language:
The words 'small' and 'little' are synonyms.
What is a Synonym?
Synonyms are different words with identical or very similar meanings. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous, and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy. The word comes from Ancient Greek syn (“with”) and onoma (“name”). In English, a language known for its enormous vocabulary, most words have synonyms. For example, the word “enormous” has many synonyms: Huge, massive, giant, immense, and the list goes on. The words car and automobile are synonyms. Similarly, if we talk about a long time or an extended time, long and extended become synonyms. In the figurative sense, two words are often said to be synonymous if they have the same connotation:
“a widespread impression that … Hollywood was synonymous with immorality” (Doris Kearns Goodwin)
Synonyms can be any part of speech (e.g. nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs or prepositions), as long as both members of the pair are the same part of speech. More examples of English synonyms are:
| S.No | Word | Synonym | Part Of Speech |
| 1 | Student | Pupil | Noun |
| 2 | Petty crime | Misdemeanor | Noun |
| 3 | Buy | Purchase | Verb |
| 4 | Sick | Ill | Adjective |
| 5 | Quickly | Speedily | Adverb |
| 6 | On | Upon | Preposition |
Note that synonyms are defined with respect to certain senses of words; for instance, pupil as the “aperture in the iris of the eye” is not synonymous with student. Similarly, he expired means the same as he died, yet my passport has expired cannot be replaced by my passport has died.
In English, many synonyms evolved from the parallel use, in the early medieval period, of Norman French (from Latin) and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) words, often with some words being used principally by the Saxon peasantry (“folk”, “freedom”, “bowman”) and their synonyms by the Norman nobility (“people”, “liberty”, “archer”). Some lexicographers claim that no synonyms have exactly the same meaning (in all contexts or social levels of language) because etymology, orthography, phonic qualities, ambiguous meanings, usage, etc. make them unique. Different words that are similar in meaning usually differ for a reason: feline is more formal than cat; long and extended are only synonyms in one usage and not in others (for example, a long arm is not the same as an extended arm). Synonyms are also a source of euphemisms.
If you get stuck, there’s help, thanks to Peter Mark Roget. In 1852, Dr. Roget compiled the first comprehensive classification of synonyms, called a thesaurus. Roget’s Thesaurus is still the world’s premier synonym finder and the source for online synonym finders and word processing thesaurus tools. The purpose of a thesaurus is to offer the user a listing of similar or related words; these are often, but not always, synonyms. Dictionaries also list synonyms for each definition.
Here are Practice tests on Synonyms (Vocabulary):
Synonyms Practice Exercise-1
Synonyms Practice Exercise-2
Synonyms Practice Exercise-3
Friday, December 19, 2014
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises for Exams
Sentence completions are very simple if you have good vocabulary knowledge. Sentence Completion are a great way to expand your vocabulary and improve your skills in logic. This is because sentence completions are very much like puzzles.
Sentence Completion are nothing but just filling the given blanks, number of blanks varies from exam to exam and their standard. Generally these have one or utmost two blanks.
You need to understand the sentence structure and the meaning of the given sentence to answer the question. If you are able to understand the meaning then you will get required "word" (answer to fill the blank) into your mind, then by seeing into the options you can answer the question with no mistake.
What we have for YOU ?
We have worked a lot to give you the Sentence Completion Examples, Practice Questions, Previous Questions and even Tips on How to solve Sentence Completion Questions of high quality.
Here are Practice Tests listed below, try to attempt all the questions by keeping time in mind to answer them in prescribed time.
Here are Practice Exercise Question Papers:
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises Question Paper-1
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises Question Paper-2
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises Question Paper-3
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises Question Paper-4
Sentence Completion/ Fillers Practice Exercises Question Paper-5
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